Iyini Iphaneli ye-HMI Touch?

Amaphaneli e-HMI esikrini sokuthinta (i-HMI, igama eliphelele le-Human Machine Interface) ayizixhumanisi ezibonakalayo phakathi kwama-opharetha noma onjiniyela nemishini, amathuluzi nezinqubo. Lawa maphaneli avumela abasebenzisi ukuthi benzeqaphafuthi ulawule izinqubo ezihlukahlukene zezimboni ngokusebenzisa isixhumi esibonakalayo sesikrini esithintwayo.Amaphaneli e-HMI avame ukusetshenziswa ezishintshayo zezimboni ukuze asize ukwenza imisebenzi eyinkimbinkimbi ibe lula futhi kuthuthukiswe ukukhiqiza nokuphepha.

Izici ezibalulekile zifaka:

I-1.Intuitive operation interface: idizayini yesikrini sokuthinta yenza ukusebenza kube lula futhi kusheshe.

2. Ukuqapha idatha ngesikhathi sangempela: Ihlinzeka ngezibuyekezo zedatha yesikhathi sangempela ukusiza ukwenza izinqumo ezisheshayo.

3. Imisebenzi ehlelekayo: abasebenzisi bangenza ngendlela oyifisayo isixhumi esibonakalayo kanye nemisebenzi ngokwezidingo zabo.

Isikrini sokuthinta i-HMIiphanelis zidlala indima ebalulekile embonini yesimanje futhi ziyingxenye ebalulekile ekuzuzeni ukukhiqizwa okuphumelelayo, okuphephile nokukhaliphile.

1.Iyini iphaneli ye-HMI?

Incazelo: I-HMI imele i-Human Machine Interface.

Umsebenzi: Inikeza isikhombikubona esibonakalayo phakathi kwemishini, okokusebenza kanye nezinqubo kanye no-opharetha noma unjiniyela. Lawa maphaneli avumela opharetha ukuthi baqaphe futhi balawule izinqubo ezihlukahlukene zezimboni ngokusebenzisa ukuxhumana okunembile okwenza kube lula ukusebenza okuyinkimbinkimbi futhi kuthuthukise ukukhiqiza nokuphepha.

Ukusetshenziswa: Izitshalo eziningi zisebenzisa amaphaneli e-HMI amaningi ezindaweni ezisebenziseka kalula, iphaneli ngayinye ilungiselelwe ukunikeza idatha edingekayo kuleyo ndawo.Amaphaneli e-HMI avame ukusetshenziswa ezimbonini ezishintshayo ezimbonini ezifana neyokukhiqiza, amandla, ukudla nesiphuzo, njll. Amaphaneli e-HMI aklanyelwe ukuvumela abaqhubi ukuthi baqaphe futhi balawule izinqubo eziningi zezimboni. Amaphaneli e-HMI avumela opharetha ukuthi babuke futhi baphathe isimo semishini, ukuqhubeka kokukhiqiza, kanye nolwazi lwe-alamu ngesikhathi sangempela, ngaleyo ndlela baqinisekise inqubo yokukhiqiza eshelelayo.

2. Ungakhetha kanjani iphaneli ye-HMI efanelekile?

Ukukhetha iphaneli ye-HMI efanele kudinga ukucatshangelwa kwezici ezilandelayo:

Usayizi wokubonisa: Cabangela izidingo zikasayizi wesibonisi, ngokuvamile amaphaneli e-HMI ahluka ngosayizi ukusuka kumayintshi angu-3 ukuya kwangu-25 amayintshi. Isikrini esincane silungele izinhlelo zokusebenza ezilula, kuyilapho isikrini esikhulu sifanele izinhlelo zokusebenza eziyinkimbinkimbi ezidinga ulwazi olwengeziwe ukuze luboniswe.

Isikrini sokuthinta: Ingabe isikrini sokuthinta siyadingeka? Izikrini zokuthinta kulula ukusebenza futhi ziyasabela, kodwa zibiza ngaphezulu. Uma ukubhajethi, khetha imodeli enokhiye bokusebenza nokhiye bemicibisholo kuphela.

Umbala noma I-Monochrome: Ingabe ngidinga umbala noma isibonisi se-monochrome? Amaphaneli e-HMI anombala anemibala futhi kulula ukuwasebenzisa ekuboniseni isimo, kodwa abiza ngaphezulu; izibonisi ze-monochrome zinhle ekuboniseni amanani amancane edatha, njengempendulo yesivinini noma isikhathi esisele, futhi zonga kakhulu.

Ukulungiswa: Ukulungiswa kwesikrini kuyadingeka ukuze kuboniswe imininingwane eyanele yesithombe noma ukubonisa izinto eziningi esikrinini esifanayo. Ukulungiswa okuphezulu kulungele ukuxhumana kwezithombe eziyinkimbinkimbi.

Ukukhweza: Hlobo luni lokukhweza oludingekayo? Ukukhweza iphaneli, ukukhweza i-rack, noma idivayisi ephathwa ngesandla. Khetha indlela yokukhweza efanele ngokuya ngesimo sohlelo lokusebenza oluthile.

Izinga lokuvikela: Hlobo luni lwezinga lokuvikela oludingwa yi-HMI? Isibonelo, isilinganiso se-IP67 sivimbela ukuchaphazeka koketshezi futhi sifanele ukufakwa ngaphandle noma izindawo ezinokhahlo.

I-interfaces: Yiziphi izixhumi ezibonakalayo ezidingekayo? Isibonelo, i-Ethernet, i-Profinet, i-serial interface (yamathuluzi aselabhorethri, izikena ze-RFID noma izifundi zebhakhodi), njll. Ingabe kudingeka izinhlobo eziningi zesixhumi esibonakalayo?

Izidingo Zesoftware: Hlobo luni losekelo lwesoftware oludingekayo? Ingabe i-OPC noma abashayeli abakhethekile bayadingeka ukuze bafinyelele idatha evela kusilawuli?

Izinhlelo Zezifiso: Ingabe sikhona isidingo sezinhlelo zangokwezifiso ezizosebenza kutheminali ye-HMI, njengesoftware yebhakhodi noma izixhumanisi zohlelo lokusungula?

Ukusekelwa KweWindows: Ingabe i-HMI idinga ukusekela iWindows nohlelo lwayo lwamafayela, noma ingabe isicelo se-HMI esihlinzekwe ngumthengisi sanele?

3. Yiziphi izici zephaneli ye-HMI?

Usayizi Wokubonisa

Amaphaneli e-HMI (Human Machine Interface) ayatholakala ngosayizi wokuboniswa ukusuka kumayintshi angu-3 ukuya kwangu-25 amayintshi. Ukukhetha usayizi olungile kuncike esimeni sohlelo lokusebenza kanye nezidingo zomsebenzisi. Usayizi wesikrini esincane ulungele izikhathi lapho isikhala sinqunyelwe, kuyilapho usayizi wesikrini omkhulu ulungele izinhlelo zokusebenza eziyinkimbinkimbi ezidinga ukuboniswa kolwazi olwengeziwe.

Isikrini sokuthinta

Isidingo sokuthi atI-ouchscreen iwukucatshangelwa okubalulekile. Izikrini zokuthinta zihlinzeka ngomuzwa wokusebenza onembile futhi olula, kodwa ngentengo ephezulu. Uma isabelomali sinomkhawulo noma uhlelo lokusebenza aludingi ukusebenzisana okuvamile kwekhompyutha yomuntu, ungakhetha isikrini esingathinti.

Umbala noma i-Monochrome

Isidingo sokuboniswa kombala nakho kuyisici okufanele sicatshangelwe. Izibonisi zemibala zihlinzeka ngokubukeka okucebile futhi zifanele izimo lapho izimo ezihlukene zidinga ukuhlukaniswa noma izithombe eziyinkimbinkimbi zidinga ukuboniswa. Kodwa-ke, izibonisi ze-monochrome zibiza kancane futhi zifanele izinhlelo zokusebenza lapho ulwazi olulula kuphela ludinga ukuboniswa khona.

Isixazululo

Ukulungiswa kwesikrini kunquma ukucaca kwemininingwane yesibonisi. Kuyadingeka ukukhetha isinqumo esifanele sohlelo lokusebenza oluthile. Ukulungiswa okuphezulu kulungele izigcawu lapho kuzoboniswa khona izithombe eziyinkimbinkimbi noma idatha emihle, kuyilapho ukulungiswa okuphansi kulungele ukubonisa ulwazi olulula.

Izindlela Zokukhweza

Izindlela zokukhweza iphaneli ye-HMI zifaka phakathi ukukhweza iphaneli, ukukhwezwa kwabakaki, namadivayisi aphathwayo. Ukukhetha indlela yokukhweza kuncike endaweni yokusetshenziswa kanye nokusebenza kalula. Ukukhweza iphaneli kulungele ukusetshenziswa endaweni engaguquki, ukukhwezwa kubakaki kunikeza ukuguquguquka, futhi amadivaysi aphathwa ngesandla kulula ukusebenza lapho uhamba.

Isilinganiso Sokuvikela

Isilinganiso sokuvikela sephaneli ye-HMI sinquma ukwethembeka kwayo ezindaweni ezinokhahlo. Isibonelo, isilinganiso se-IP67 sivikela othulini nasemanzini futhi sifanele ukusetshenziswa ezindaweni zangaphandle noma zezimboni. Kuzinhlelo zokusebenza ezithambile, izinga eliphezulu lokuvikela kungenzeka lingadingeki.

Izixhumi ezibonakalayo

Iziphi izixhumi ezibonakalayo ezidingekayo zincike ezidingweni zokuhlanganisa uhlelo. I-interfaces evamile ihlanganisa i-Ethernet, i-Profinet ne-serial interfaces. I-Ethernet ifanele ukuxhumana kwenethiwekhi, i-Profinet ye-automation yezimboni, futhi izixhumanisi ze-serial zisetshenziswa kakhulu kumishini yefa.

Izidingo Zesoftware

Izidingo zesoftware nazo ziwukucatshangelwa okubalulekile. Ingabe i-OPC (Open Platform Communication) iyasekelwa noma kudingeka abashayeli abathile? Lokhu kuncike ezidingweni zokuhlanganisa ze-HMI namanye amasistimu. Uma ukuhambisana nebanga elibanzi lamadivayisi nezinhlelo kuyadingeka, ukwesekwa kwe-OPC kungaba usizo kakhulu.

Custom Izinhlelo

Ingabe kuyadingeka ukuqhuba izinhlelo zangokwezifiso kutheminali ye-HMI? Lokhu kuncike ebunzimeni besicelo kanye nezidingo zomuntu ngamunye. Ukweseka izinhlelo zangokwezifiso zinganikeza ukusebenza okwengeziwe kanye nokuvumelana nezimo, kodwa futhi kungase kwenyuse inkimbinkimbi yesistimu nezindleko zokuthuthukisa.

Usekelo lweWindows

Ingabe i-HMI idinga ukusekela iWindows nohlelo lwayo lwamafayela? Ukusekela i-Windows kunganikeza ukuhambisana okubanzi kwesofthiwe kanye nesixhumi esibonakalayo esijwayelekile somsebenzisi, kodwa kungase kwenyuse izindleko zesistimu nokuba yinkimbinkimbi. Uma izidingo zohlelo lokusebenza zilula, ungakhetha amadivaysi e-HMI angasekeli iWindows.

4. Ubani osebenzisa i-HMI?

Izimboni: Ama-HMI (I-Human Machine Interfaces) asetshenziswa ezinhlobonhlobo zezimboni ngale ndlela elandelayo:

Amandla
Embonini yamandla, ama-HMI asetshenziselwa ukuqapha nokulawula okokuphehla amandla kagesi, iziteshi ezincane kanye namanethiwekhi okudlulisa amandla. Abasebenzisi bangasebenzisa ama-HMI ukuze babuke isimo sokusebenza sezinhlelo zamandla ngesikhathi sangempela, baqaphe ukusebenza kahle kokukhiqizwa nokusatshalaliswa kwamandla, futhi baqinisekise ukuzinza nokuphepha kwesistimu.

Ukudla Nesiphuzo
Imboni yokudla neziphuzo isebenzisa ama-HMI ukulawula nokuqapha zonke izici zemigqa yokukhiqiza, okuhlanganisa ukuxuba, ukucubungula, ukupakisha nokugcwalisa. Ngama-HMI, opharetha bangakwazi ukuzenzela izinqubo zokukhiqiza, bakhulise ukukhiqiza futhi baqinisekise ikhwalithi yomkhiqizo engaguquki.

Ukukhiqiza
Embonini yokukhiqiza, ama-HMI asetshenziswa kabanzi ukuze asebenze futhi aqaphe imishini efana nemigqa yokukhiqiza ezenzakalelayo, amathuluzi omshini we-CNC, namarobhothi ezimboni.I-HMIs inikeza isikhombimsebenzisi esibonakalayo esivumela opharetha ukuthi baqaphe kalula isimo sokukhiqiza, balungise imingcele yokukhiqiza, futhi baphendule ngokushesha amaphutha noma ama-alamu.

Amafutha Negesi
Imboni kawoyela negesi isebenzisa ama-HMI ukuqapha ukusebenza kwezinsimbi zokumba, izihlungi namapayipi. Ama-HMI asiza opharetha ukuthi baqaphe amapharamitha abalulekile afana nokucindezela, izinga lokushisa, nezinga lokugeleza ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukusebenza okufanele kwemishini nokuvimbela izingozi zokuphepha ezingaba khona.

Amandla
Embonini yamandla, ama-HMI asetshenziselwa ukuqapha nokuphatha izitshalo zikagesi, iziteshi ezincane kanye nezinhlelo zokusabalalisa. Nge-HMI, onjiniyela bangabuka isimo sokusebenza semishini yamandla ngesikhathi sangempela, benze ukusebenza okukude nokuxazulula izinkinga ukuze baqinisekise ukwethembeka nokuphepha kwesistimu yamandla.

Ukugaywa kabusha
Ama-HMI asetshenziswa embonini yokugaywa kabusha ukuze kulawulwe futhi kuqashwe ukusebenza kokuhlanza udoti nezinto zokusebenza ezigaywe kabusha, ukusiza opharetha ukuba bathuthukise inqubo yokugaywa kabusha, ukuthuthukisa ukusebenza kahle kokugaya kabusha kanye nokunciphisa ukusetshenziswa kwamandla kanye nokungcoliswa kwemvelo.

Ezokuthutha
Ama-HMI asetshenziswa embonini yezokuthutha kumasistimu afana nokulawula amasignali ethrafikhi, ukuhlela isitimela nokuqapha imoto.Ama-HMI ahlinzeka ngolwazi lwethrafikhi lwesikhathi sangempela ukuze asize abaqhubi balawule ithrafikhi futhi bathuthukise ukuhamba kwethrafikhi nokuphepha.

Amanzi Namanzi Angcolile
Imboni yamanzi namanzi angcolile isebenzisa ama-HMI ukuqapha nokulawula ukusebenza kwezikhungo zokuhlanza amanzi, izindawo zokuhlanza amanzi angcolile, kanye namanethiwekhi amapayipi.Ama-HMI asiza opharetha ukuthi baqaphe imingcele yekhwalithi yamanzi, balungise izinqubo zokuhlanza, futhi baqinisekise ukuthi izinqubo zokuhlanza amanzi ziyasebenza futhi azihambisani nemvelo.

Izindima: Abantu abasezindimeni ezehlukene banezidingo nezibopho ezahlukene uma besebenzisa ama-HMI:

Opharetha
Opharetha bangabasebenzisi abaqondile be-HMI, abenza imisebenzi yansuku zonke nokuqapha ngokusebenzisa isixhumi esibonakalayo se-HMI. Badinga isixhumi esibonakalayo esinembile nesisebenziseka kalula ukuze babuke isimo sesistimu, balungise amapharamitha, futhi baphathe ama-alamu namaphutha.

Isididiyeli sesistimu
Izihlanganisi zesistimu zinesibopho sokuhlanganisa ama-HMI namanye amadivayisi namasistimu ukuqinisekisa ukuthi asebenza ndawonye ngaphandle komthungo. Kudingeka baqonde izixhumanisi zokusebenzelana nezinqubo zokuxhumana zamasistimu ahlukene ukuze bathuthukise ukusebenza nokusebenza kwe-HMI.

Onjiniyela (ikakhulukazi lawula onjiniyela besistimu)
Onjiniyela Bezinhlelo Zokulawula baklama futhi bagcine amasistimu e-HMI. Kudingeka babe nobuchwepheshe obujulile bokubhala nokulungisa amaphutha ezinhlelo ze-HMI, balungise izingxenyekazi zekhompuyutha nezinhlaka zesofthiwe, futhi baqinisekise ukwethembeka nokuphepha kwezinhlelo ze-HMI. Badinga futhi ukuthuthukisa uhlelo ngokwezidingo ezithile zohlelo lokusebenza ukuze bathuthukise ulwazi lomsebenzisi we-HMI nokusebenza kahle.

5. Yiziphi ezinye zezindlela ezivamile zokusebenzisa ama-HMI?

Ukuxhumana nama-PLC nezinzwa zokufaka/okukhiphayo ukuze uthole futhi ubonise ulwazi
I-HMI (I-Human Machine Interface) ivame ukusetshenziselwa ukuxhumana ne-PLC (I-Programmable Logic Controller) nezinzwa ezihlukahlukene zokufaka/zokukhiphayo. I-HMI ivumela opharetha ukuthi athole idatha yezinzwa, njengezinga lokushisa, ukucindezela, izinga lokugeleza, njll., ngesikhathi sangempela futhi ibonise lolu lwazi esikrinini.I-PLC ilawula imisebenzi ehlukahlukene yenqubo yezimboni ngokulawula lezi zinzwa nama-actuator, kuyilapho i-HMI inikeza interface enembile evumela opharetha ukuthi aqaphe kalula futhi alungise imingcele yesistimu.

Ukuthuthukisa izinqubo zezimboni kanye nokwenza ngcono ukusebenza kahle ngokusebenzisa idatha efakwe kudijithali kanye neyendawo eyodwa
Ama-HMI adlala indima ebalulekile ekuthuthukiseni izinqubo zezimboni. Nge-HMI, opharetha bangakwazi ukuqapha ngedijithali futhi baphathe wonke umugqa wokukhiqiza, futhi idatha ebekwe endaweni eyodwa ivumela lonke ulwazi olubalulekile ukuthi luboniswe futhi luhlaziywe kusixhumi esibonakalayo esisodwa. Lokhu kuphathwa kwedatha okumaphakathi kusiza ukuhlonza ngokushesha izingqinamba nokungasebenzi kahle nokwenza izinguquko ngesikhathi, ngaleyo ndlela kuthuthukiswe ukukhiqiza nokusetshenziswa kwezinsiza. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-HMI ingarekhoda idatha yomlando ukuze isize abaphathi benze ukuhlaziywa kwethrendi yesikhathi eside nezinqumo zokuthuthukisa.

Bonisa ulwazi olubalulekile (isb. amashadi namadeshibhodi edijithali), phatha ama-alamu, xhuma kumasistimu e-SCADA, ERP kanye ne-MES
I-HMI iyakwazi ukubonisa ulwazi olubalulekile ngezindlela ezihlukahlukene, okuhlanganisa amashadi namadeshibhodi edijithali, okwenza kube lula ukufunda nokuqonda idatha. Abasebenzisi bangaqapha kalula isimo sokusebenza kwesistimu nezinkomba ezibalulekile ngalawa mathuluzi okubuka. Uma isistimu ingajwayelekile noma ifinyelela izimo ze-alamu esethiwe, i-HMI izokhipha i-alamu ngesikhathi ukuze ikhumbuze opharetha ukuthi athathe izinyathelo ezifanele zokuqinisekisa ukuphepha nokuqhubeka kokukhiqiza.

Ukwengeza, i-HMI ingaxhunywa ezinhlelweni zokuphatha ezithuthukisiwe njenge-SCADA (uhlelo lokutholwa kwedatha nokuqapha), i-ERP (ukuhlelwa kwezinsiza zebhizinisi) kanye ne-MES (uhlelo lokwenziwa kokukhiqiza) ukuze kuzuzwe ukudluliswa kwedatha okungenazihibe nokwabelana. Lokhu kuhlanganiswa kungavula izisele zolwazi, kwenze ukugeleza kwedatha phakathi kwamasistimu ahlukene kube lula futhi kuthuthukise ukusebenza kahle nezinga lokwazisa lonke ibhizinisi. Isibonelo, uhlelo lwe-SCADA lungathola idatha yemishini yasensimini nge-HMI yokuqapha nokulawula okumaphakathi; Uhlelo lwe-ERP lungathola idatha yokukhiqiza nge-HMI yokuhlela izinsiza nokuhlela; Uhlelo lwe-MES lungakwazi ukwenza kanye nokuphathwa kwenqubo yokukhiqiza nge-HMI.

Ngokusebenzisa lezi zici ezingenhla zesethulo esinemininingwane, ungakwazi ukuqonda ngokugcwele ukusetshenziswa okuvamile kwe-HMI ohlelweni lwezimboni, nokuthi kunjani ngokuxhumana, ukufakwa phakathi kwedatha nokuhlanganiswa kwesistimu, njll., ukuthuthukisa ukusebenza kahle nokuphepha kokukhiqizwa kwezimboni.

6.Umehluko phakathi kwe-HMI ne-SCADA

I-HMI: Igxile ekuxhumaneni kolwazi olubonakalayo ukusiza abasebenzisi ukuthi baqondise izinqubo zezimboni
I-HMI (I-Human Machine Interface) isetshenziselwa kakhulu ukunikeza ukuxhumana kolwazi olubonakalayo olunembile, okusiza abasebenzisi ukuthi baqondise futhi baphathe izinqubo zezimboni ngokubonisa isimo sesistimu nedatha yokusebenza ngokusebenzisa isixhumi esibonakalayo esinesithombe.Izici eziyinhloko nemisebenzi ye-HMI ihlanganisa:

Isixhumi esibonakalayo esibonakalayo: I-HMI ibonisa ulwazi ngesimo samagrafu, amashadi, amadeshibhodi edijithali, njll. ukuze opharetha baqonde kalula futhi baqaphe isimo sokusebenza sohlelo.
Ukuqapha kwesikhathi sangempela: I-HMI iyakwazi ukubonisa idatha yenzwa nesimo semishini ngesikhathi sangempela, isiza opharetha ukuthi babone ngokushesha futhi baxazulule izinkinga.
Ukusebenza okwenziwe lula: Nge-HMI, opharetha bangalungisa kalula amapharamitha wesistimu, baqale noma bamise izinto zokusebenza, futhi benze imisebenzi yokulawula eyisisekelo.
Ukuphathwa kwe-alamu: I-HMI iyakwazi ukusetha nokuphatha ama-alamu, yazisa opharetha ukuthi bathathe izinyathelo ngesikhathi lapho uhlelo lungajwayelekile ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuphepha kokukhiqiza.
Ubungani bomsebenzisi: Idizayini yesixhumi esibonakalayo se-HMI igxile kokuhlangenwe nakho komsebenzisi, ukusebenza okulula, ukufunda nokusebenzisa kalula, kulungele opharetha basensimini ukwenza ukuqapha nokusebenza kwansuku zonke.
I-SCADA: Ukuqoqwa kwedatha nokusebenza kwesistimu enemisebenzi enamandla kakhulu
I-SCADA (isistimu yokutholwa kwedatha kanye nokuqapha) iwuhlelo oluyinkimbinkimbi futhi olunamandla, ikakhulukazi olusetshenziselwa inqubo enkulu yezimboni ezishintshayo zokuqoqa nokulawula idatha. izici eziyinhloko kanye nemisebenzi ye-SCADA ihlanganisa:

Ukutholwa Kwedatha: Amasistimu e-SCADA ayakwazi ukuqoqa inani elikhulu ledatha kusuka kuzinzwa eziningi ezisabalalisiwe namadivayisi, ayigcine futhi ayicubungule. Le datha ingabandakanya amapharamitha ahlukahlukene njengezinga lokushisa, ingcindezi, izinga lokugeleza, i-voltage, njll.
Ukulawula okumaphakathi: Amasistimu e-SCADA ahlinzeka ngemisebenzi yokulawula emaphakathi, evumela ukusebenza kude nokuphathwa kwemishini nezinhlelo ezisatshalaliswa ezindaweni ezihlukene ukuze kuzuzwe ukulawula okuzenzakalelayo okuphelele.
Ukuhlaziya okuthuthukile: Uhlelo lwe-SCADA lunamandla okuhlaziya idatha namandla okucubungula, ukuhlaziywa kwethrendi, umbuzo wedatha yomlando, ukukhiqizwa kombiko neminye imisebenzi, ukuze kusizwe abasebenzi bokuphatha ukuze bathole ukwesekwa kokuthatha izinqumo.
Ukuhlanganiswa kwesistimu: Uhlelo lwe-SCADA lungahlanganiswa nezinye izinhlelo zokuphatha ibhizinisi (isb. I-ERP, i-MES, njll.) ukuze kuzuzwe ukudluliswa kwedatha okungenazihibe nokwabelana, futhi kuthuthukise ukusebenza kahle okuphelele kwebhizinisi.
Ukuthembeka Okuphezulu: Amasistimu e-SCADA aklanyelwe ukwethembeka okuphezulu nokutholakala okuphezulu, afaneleka ukuqapha nokuphathwa kwezinqubo ezibucayi zezimboni, futhi akwazi ukusebenza ngokuzinzile ezindaweni ezinokhahlo.

7.HMI Panel Isicelo Izibonelo

i-HMI esebenza ngokugcwele

Amaphaneli e-HMI anesici esigcwele afanele izimo zohlelo lokusebenza ezidinga ukusebenza okuphezulu nokusebenza okucebile. Izidingo zabo eziqondile zifaka:

Okungenani isikrini sokuthinta esingu-12-intshi: Isikrini sokuthinta esinosayizi omkhulu sinikeza isikhala sokubonisa esengeziwe nolwazi olungcono lomsebenzisi, okwenza kube lula kuma-opharetha ukubuka nokusebenzisa izixhumanisi eziyinkimbinkimbi.
Ukukala okungenamthungo: Sekela umsebenzi wokukala okungenamthungo, okwazi ukulungisa usayizi wesikrini ngokuya ngezidingo ezihlukile zokubonisa, ukuqinisekisa ukucaca nokuphelela kokuboniswa kolwazi.
Ukuhlanganiswa nesofthiwe ye-Siemens TIA Portal: Ukuhlanganiswa nesofthiwe ye-Siemens TIA Portal (Totally Integrated Automation Portal) kwenza ukuhlela, ukugunyazwa nokugcinwa kube lula futhi kusebenze kahle kakhudlwana.
Ukuphepha kwenethiwekhi: Ngokusebenza kokuphepha kwenethiwekhi, kungavikela isistimu ye-HMI ekuhlaselweni kwenethiwekhi nokuvuza kwedatha ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukusebenza okuphephile kwesistimu.
Umsebenzi wokulondoloza uhlelo oluzenzakalelayo: usekela umsebenzi wokulondoloza uhlelo oluzenzakalelayo, ongalondoloza njalo uhlelo lwesistimu nedatha ukuvimbela ukulahleka kwedatha nokuthuthukisa ukwethembeka kwesistimu.
Le phaneli ye-HMI enesici esigcwele ilungele izinhlelo ezishintshayo zezimboni eziyinkimbinkimbi, njengemigqa yokukhiqiza emikhulu, izinhlelo zokuphatha amandla nokunye.

b I-HMI eyisisekelo

Amaphaneli e-HMI ayisisekelo afanele izimo zohlelo lokusebenza ezinebhajethi elinganiselwe kodwa ezisadinga ukusebenza okuyisisekelo. Izidingo zayo eziqondile zifaka:

Ukuhlanganiswa ne-Siemens TIA Portal: Naphezu kwesabelomali esilinganiselwe, ukuhlanganiswa nesofthiwe ye-Siemens TIA Portal kusadingeka emisebenzini eyisisekelo yokuhlela nokulungisa iphutha.
Ukusebenza okuyisisekelo: njenge-KTP 1200, le phaneli ye-HMI inikeza isibonisi esiyisisekelo nemisebenzi yokusebenza yokulawula nokuqapha imisebenzi elula.
Ingabizi: Le phaneli ye-HMI ngokuvamile ayibizi kakhulu futhi ifanele amabhizinisi amancane noma amaphrojekthi anebhajethi elinganiselwe.
Amaphaneli e-HMI ayisisekelo afanele izinhlelo ezilula zokulawula izimboni ezifana nemishini encane yokucubungula, ukuqapha nokulawula inqubo yokukhiqiza eyodwa, njll.

c Wireless Network HMI

Amaphaneli e-HMI enethiwekhi engenantambo alungele izimo zohlelo lokusebenza ezidinga amakhono okuxhumana okungenantambo. Izidingo zabo eziqondile zifaka:

Ukuxhumana okungenantambo: Ikhono lokuxhumana nesilawuli ngenethiwekhi engenantambo kunciphisa inkimbinkimbi nezindleko zezintambo futhi kwenyusa ukuguquguquka kwesistimu.
Isibonelo sohlelo lokusebenza: njenge-Maple Systems HMI 5103L, le phaneli ye-HMI ingasetshenziswa ezindaweni ezifana namapulazi amathangi lapho ukuxhumana okungenantambo kudingeka khona ukuze kube lula ukuqapha nokusebenza okukude.
Ukuhamba: Iphaneli ye-HMI yenethiwekhi engenazintambo inganyakaziswa ngokukhululeka futhi ifanele izimo ezidinga ukusebenza nokuqapha kusuka ezindaweni ezahlukene.
Amaphaneli e-HMI enethiwekhi engenazintambo afanele ukusetshenziswa ezimeni zohlelo ezidinga ukwakheka okuguquguqukayo nokusebenza kweselula, njengamapulazi amathangi nokusebenza kwemishini yeselula.

d Ukuxhumeka kwe-Ethernet I/P

Amaphaneli e-HMI oxhumano lwe-Ethernet I/P afanele izimo zohlelo lokusebenza ezidinga ukuxhunywa kunethiwekhi ye-Ethernet/I/P. Izidingo zabo eziqondile zifaka:

I-Ethernet/I/P Connection: Isekela iphrothokholi ye-Ethernet/I/P, ivumela ukuxhumana namanye amadivayisi kunethiwekhi ukuze kudluliswe idatha ngokushesha kanye nokwabelana.
Isibonelo Sohlelo Lokusebenza: Njengemodeli evamile ye-PanelView Plus 7, le phaneli ye-HMI ingaxhumeka kalula kumanethiwekhi akhona e-Ethernet/I/P ukuze kuhlanganiswe kahle uhlelo nokulawula.
Ukuthembeka: Ukuxhumana kwe-Ethernet I/P kunikeza ukuthembeka okuphezulu nokuzinza kwezinhlelo ezibucayi zokulawula izimboni.
Amaphaneli e-HMI oxhumano lwe-Ethernet I/P afanele izinhlelo ezishintshayo zezimboni ezidinga ukuxhumana kwenethiwekhi okuphumelelayo nokwabelana ngedatha, njengokukhiqiza okukhulu kanye nezinhlelo zokulawula inqubo.

8.Umehluko phakathi kwesibonisi se-HMI nesibonisi sesikrini esithintwayo

isibonisi se-HMI sihlanganisa ihadiwe nesofthiwe

Isibonisi se-HMI (umshini womuntu) akuyona nje idivayisi yokubonisa, sihlanganisa kokubili izingxenye zehadiwe nesofthiwe, ezinganikeza ukusebenzisana okuphelele nokulawula imisebenzi.
Ingxenye yezingxenyekazi zekhompuyutha:
Bonisa: Izibonisi ze-HMI ngokuvamile ziyizikrini ze-LCD noma ze-LED, ezisukela ngosayizi ukusuka kokuncane ukuya kokukhulu, futhi zingabonisa izinhlobonhlobo zezithombe nolwazi lombhalo.
Isikrini sokuthinta: Izibonisi eziningi ze-HMI zinesikrini sokuthinta esihlanganisiwe esivumela umsebenzisi ukuthi asebenze ngokuthinta.
Iphrosesa nenkumbulo: Izibonisi ze-HMI zinephrosesa eyakhelwe ngaphakathi nememori yokusebenzisa isofthiwe yokulawula nokugcina idatha.
Izixhumi ezibonakalayo: Izibonisi ze-HMI zivame ukuhlonywa ngezindawo zokusebenzelana ezihlukahlukene, njenge-Ethernet, i-USB, nezixhumi ezibonakalayo ze-serial zokuxhuma kuma-PLC, izinzwa, namanye amadivayisi.
Ingxenye yesofthiwe:
Isistimu yokusebenza: Izibonisi ze-HMI zivame ukusebenzisa isistimu yokusebenza eshumekiwe, njenge-Windows CE, i-Linux noma isistimu yokusebenza yesikhathi sangempela ezinikele.
I-Software Yokulawula: Izibonisi ze-HMI zisebenzisa isofthiwe yokulawula nokuqapha enikezela nge-graphical user interface (GUI) kanye nokulawula okunengqondo.
Ukucubungula idatha nokuboniswa: Isofthiwe ye-HMI iyakwazi ukucubungula idatha evela kuzinzwa nokulawula amadivayisi futhi ibonise esikrinini ngesimo samagrafu, amashadi, ama-alamu nokunye.
Ukuxhumana Nokuhlanganiswa: Isofthiwe ye-HMI ingaxhumana futhi ihlanganise idatha nezinye izinhlelo (isb. i-SCADA, i-ERP, i-MES, njll.) ukuze kuzuzwe ukulawula okuzenzakalelayo nokuqapha okuphelele.

b Isibonisi sesikrini sokuthinta siyingxenye yehadiwe kuphela

Izibonisi zesikrini sokuthinta ziqukethe ingxenye yehadiwe kuphela, ayikho isofthiwe eyakhelwe ngaphakathi yokulawula nokuqapha, ngakho-ke azikwazi ukusetshenziswa zodwa ekulawuleni okuyinkimbinkimbi kwezimboni nemisebenzi yokuqapha.

Ingxenye yezingxenyekazi zekhompuyutha:

Isibonisi: Isibonisi sesikrini esithintwayo ngokuyinhloko siyi-LCD noma isikrini se-LED esihlinzeka ngokusebenza kokubonisa okuyisisekelo.
Inzwa yokuthinta: Isikrini sokuthinta sifakwe inzwa yokuthinta evumela umsebenzisi ukuthi enze imisebenzi yokufaka ngokuthinta. Ubuchwepheshe bokuthinta obujwayelekile bunamandla, i-infrared kanye nokumelana.
Izilawuli: Izibonisi zesikrini sokuthinta zinezilawuli zokuthinta ezakhelwe ngaphakathi zokucubungula amasignali okufakwayo kokuthinta futhi ziwathumele kumadivayisi ekhompyutha axhunyiwe.
Isixhumi esibonakalayo: Izibonisi zesikrini sokuthinta zivame ukuhlonyiswa ngezixhumi ezibonakalayo ezifana ne-USB, i-HDMI, i-VGA, njll. ukuze zixhumeke kukhompuyutha noma enye idivayisi yokulawula isibonisi.
Ayikho isofthiwe eyakhelwe ngaphakathi: Isibonisi sesikrini esithintwayo sisebenza njengesixhobo sokufaka nesibonisi kuphela, futhi asiqukethe isistimu yokusebenza noma isofthiwe yokulawula ngokwayo; idinga ukuxhunywa kudivayisi yekhompuyutha yangaphandle (isb, i-PC, isilawuli sezimboni) ukuze ibone ukusebenza kwayo okugcwele.

9. Ingabe imikhiqizo yokubonisa i-HMI inesistimu yokusebenza?

Imikhiqizo ye-HMI inezingxenye zesofthiwe yesistimu
Imikhiqizo ye-HMI (Human Machine Interface) ayiwona nje amadivaysi ehadiwe, futhi iqukethe izingxenye zesofthiwe yesistimu enikeza ama-HMI amandla okuwasebenzisa nokuyilawula ezinhlelweni ezishintshayo nezigadayo zezimboni.

Imisebenzi yesoftware yesistimu:

Isixhumi esibonakalayo somsebenzisi: sinikeza isixhumi esibonakalayo somsebenzisi (i-GUI) esenza opharetha bakwazi ukuqapha nokulawula izinqubo zezimboni ngokunembile.
Ukucutshungulwa Kwedatha: Icubungula idatha evela kuzinzwa kanye namadivayisi alawulayo futhi ayibonise ngendlela yamagrafu, amashadi, izinombolo, njll.
Izivumelwano zokuxhumana: Sekela izinqubo zokuxhumana ezihlukahlukene, njenge-Modbus, i-Profinet, i-Ethernet/IP, njll., ukuze kuzuzwe uxhumano nokushintshaniswa kwedatha nge-PLC, izinzwa, i-SCADA namanye amadivaysi.
Ukuphathwa kwe-alamu: Ukusetha nokuphatha izimo ze-alamu, ukwazisa opharetha ngesikhathi lapho isistimu ingajwayelekile.
Ukurekhodwa kwedatha yomlando: Rekhoda futhi ugcine idatha yomlando ukuze ihlaziywe futhi isetshenziswe ngokugcwele.
Imikhiqizo ye-HMI esebenza kahle kakhulu ivamise ukusebenzisa amasistimu wokusebenza ashumekiwe, afana ne-WinCE ne-Linux.
Imikhiqizo ye-HMI esebenza kahle kakhulu ivamise ukusebenzisa amasistimu wokusebenza ashumekiwe, anikeza ama-HMI amandla amaningi okucubungula nokuthembeka okuphezulu.

Amasistimu wokusebenza ashumekiwe ajwayelekile:

I-Windows CE: I-Windows CE iwuhlelo lokusebenza olushumekiwe olulula olusetshenziswa kakhulu emikhiqizweni ye-HMI. Inikeza isixhumi esibonakalayo esicebile kanye nemisebenzi yenethiwekhi enamandla, futhi isekela izinqubo zokuxhumana ezihlukene zezimboni.
I-Linux: I-Linux iyisistimu yokusebenza yomthombo ovulekile enozinzo oluphezulu nokwenza ngokwezifiso. Imikhiqizo eminingi ye-HMI esebenza kahle kakhulu isebenzisa i-Linux njengohlelo lokusebenza ukufeza imisebenzi evumelana nezimo kanye nokuphepha okuphezulu.

Izinzuzo zamasistimu okusebenza ashumekiwe:

Isikhathi sangempela: Amasistimu okusebenza ashumekiwe ngokuvamile anokusebenza okuhle kwesikhathi sangempela futhi angasabela ngokushesha ezinguqukweni zezinqubo zezimboni.
Ukuzinza: Amasistimu okusebenza ashumekiwe alungiselelwe ukuzinza okuphezulu nokuthembeka ekusebenzeni kwesikhathi eside.
Ukuphepha: Amasistimu okusebenza ashumekiwe ngokuvamile anezinga eliphezulu lokuphepha, elikwazi ukumelana nokuhlaselwa kwenethiwekhi okuhlukahlukene kanye nezingozi zokuvuza kwedatha.
Ukwenza ngokwezifiso: Izinhlelo zokusebenza ezishumekiwe zingenziwa ngokwezifiso ngokuya ngezidingo ezithile zohlelo lokusebenza, zinikeze imisebenzi ehambisana kakhulu nezidingo zangempela.

10.Intuthuko yesikhathi esizayo yesibonisi se-HMI

Imikhiqizo ye-HMI izoba nesici esiningi kakhulu
Ngokuthuthuka kobuchwepheshe, imikhiqizo ye-HMI (I-Human Machine Interface) izoba nezinto eziningi ngokwengeziwe ukuze ihlangabezane nesidingo esikhulayo sokuzenzakalelayo kwezimboni.

Ukusebenzisana okuhlakaniphile komsebenzisi: Ama-HMI esikhathi esizayo azoba nezisetshenziswa ezihlakaniphile zomsebenzisi ezinganikeza ulwazi lomuntu siqu noluhlakaniphe kakhulu lokusebenza ngobuhlakani bokwenziwa kanye nobuchwepheshe bokufunda komshini.

Amakhono okuxhumana athuthukisiwe: Imikhiqizo ye-HMI izothuthukisa amakhono ayo okuxhumana ngokusekela izivumelwano zokuxhumana eziningi zezimboni, inike amandla ukuxhumeka okungenazihibe nokushintshisana kwedatha ngamadivayisi amaningi namasistimu.

Ukuhlaziywa kwedatha nokubikezela: Ama-HMI esikhathi esizayo azohlanganisa izibalo zedatha ezinamandla kakhudlwana namandla okubikezela ukusiza izinkampani ziqhube ukuqapha kwesikhathi sangempela futhi zilungiselele ukwenza izinqumo ukuze kuthuthukiswe umkhiqizo nekhwalithi.

Ukuqapha nokulawula isilawuli kude: Ngokuthuthukiswa Kwe-inthanethi Yezimboni Yezinto, imikhiqizo ye-HMI izosekela imisebenzi yokuqapha nokulawula ekude, okuvumela opharetha ukuthi baphathe futhi basebenzise amasistimu wezimboni noma nini, noma kuphi.

Yonke imikhiqizo ye-HMI engaphezu kwamayintshi angu-5.7 izoba nezibonisi zemibala nempilo ende yesikrini
Ngokuzayo, yonke imikhiqizo ye-HMI engamayintshi angu-5.7 nangaphezulu izosebenzisa ukuboniswa kombala, inikeze imiphumela yokubuka ecebile nolwazi olungcono lomsebenzisi.

Ukuboniswa kombala: Izibonisi zemibala zingabonisa ulwazi olwengeziwe, zisebenzise imifanekiso nemibala ukuze zihlukanise phakathi kwezifunda ezihlukahlukene nedatha, futhi zithuthukise ukufundeka nokuboniswa kolwazi.

Impilo yesikrini enwetshiwe: Ngokuthuthuka kobuchwepheshe bokuboniswa, izibonisi zemibala ze-HMI zesikhathi esizayo zizoba nempilo ende nokuthembeka okuphezulu, futhi zizokwazi ukusebenza ngokuzinza isikhathi eside ezindaweni zezimboni ezinonya.

Imikhiqizo ye-HMI ephezulu izogxila kakhulu kuma-tablet PC

Umkhuba wemikhiqizo ye-HMI ephezulu izogxila kuma-tablet PC, inikeze inkundla yokusebenza eguquguqukayo futhi enemisebenzi eminingi.

Inkundla ye-PC yethebhulethi: I-HMI yesikhathi esizayo ephezulu izovame ukusebenzisa i-tablet PC njengenkundla, isebenzisa amandla ayo ekhompuyutha anamandla nokuphatheka ukuze inikeze imisebenzi enamandla kakhulu kanye nokusetshenziswa okuvumelana nezimo.

Ukulawula ukuthinta okuningi nokulawula: Ithebhulethi ye-HMI izosekela ukuthinta okuningi nokulawula ukuthinta, okwenza imisebenzi ibe lula futhi ibe lula.

Ukuhamba Nokuphatheka: Ithebhulethi ye-HMI iselula kakhulu futhi iyaphatheka, opharetha bangayiphatha futhi bayisebenzise noma nini nanoma kuphi, elungele izimo ezihlukene zezimboni.

I-ecosystem yohlelo lokusebenza enothile: I-HMI esekelwe kuplathifomu yethebhulethi ingathatha ithuba le-ecosystem ecebile yohlelo lokusebenza, ihlanganise izinhlelo zokusebenza ezihlukene zezimboni namathuluzi, futhi ithuthukise ukuqina nokusebenza kwesistimu.