Yintoni iPhaneli yokuTonga i-HMI?

Iiphaneli ze-HMI zesikrini se-Touchscreen (i-HMI, igama elipheleleyo le-Human Machine Interface) lujongano olubonakalayo phakathi kwabaqhubi okanye iinjineli kunye noomatshini, izixhobo kunye neenkqubo. Ezi phaneli zivumela abasebenzisi ukuba benzeeswenikunye nokulawula iinkqubo ezahlukeneyo zoshishino ngokusebenzisa i-intuitive touchscreen interface.Iiphaneli ze-HMI ziqhele ukusetyenziswa kwi-industrial automation ukunceda ukwenza lula imisebenzi enzima kunye nokuphucula imveliso kunye nokhuseleko.

Iimpawu eziphambili ziquka:

I-1.Intuitive operation interface: uyilo lwesikrini esichukumisayo senza umsebenzi ube lula kwaye ukhawuleze.

2. Ukujongwa kwedatha yexesha langempela: Ibonelela ngohlaziyo lwedatha yexesha langempela ukunceda ukwenza izigqibo ngokukhawuleza.

3. Imisebenzi enokucwangciswa: abasebenzisi banokwenza ngokwezifiso ujongano kunye nemisebenzi ngokweemfuno zabo.

Isikrini sokuchukumisa HMIIphanelis zidlala indima ebalulekileyo kushishino lwanamhlanje kwaye ziyinxalenye ephambili ekuphumezeni imveliso esebenzayo, ekhuselekileyo nekrelekrele.

1.Yintoni iphaneli yeHMI?

Ingcaciso: I-HMI imele i-Human Machine Interface.

Umsebenzi: Ibonelela ngojongano olubonakalayo phakathi koomatshini, izixhobo kunye neenkqubo kunye nomsebenzi okanye injineli. Ezi panels zivumela abaqhubi ukuba babeke iliso kwaye balawule iinkqubo ezahlukeneyo zoshishino ngokusebenzisa i-interfaces enembile eyenza lula imisebenzi enzima kunye nokuphucula imveliso kunye nokhuseleko.

Ukusetyenziswa: Uninzi lwezityalo zisebenzisa iipaneli ze-HMI ezininzi kwiindawo ezinobungane, kunye nephaneli nganye elungiselelwe ukubonelela ngedatha efunekayo kuloo ndawo.Iiphaneli ze-HMI ziqhele ukusetyenziswa kwi-industrial automation kumashishini afana nokuvelisa, amandla, ukutya kunye nesiselo, njl. Iiphaneli ze-HMI zenzelwe ukuvumela abaqhubi ukuba babeke iliso kwaye balawule uluhlu olubanzi lweenkqubo zoshishino. Iiphaneli ze-HMI zivumela abaqhubi ukuba bajonge kwaye balawule ubume besixhobo, inkqubela phambili yemveliso, kunye nolwazi lwe-alamu ngexesha langempela, ngaloo ndlela beqinisekisa inkqubo yokuvelisa egudileyo.

2. Indlela yokukhetha ipaneli yeHMI efanelekileyo?

Ukukhetha ipaneli ye-HMI echanekileyo kufuna ukuba kuthathelwe ingqalelo le miba ilandelayo:

Ubungakanani bokubonisa: Qwalasela iimfuno zobungakanani bomboniso, ngokuqhelekileyo iiphaneli ze-HMI zihluka ngobukhulu ukusuka kwi-intshi ezi-3 ukuya kwii-intshi ezingama-25. Isikrini esincinci sifanelekile kwizicelo ezilula, ngelixa isikrini esikhulu sifanelekile kwizicelo ezinzima ezifuna ulwazi olungakumbi ukuba luboniswe.

Isikrini sokuchukumisa: Ngaba isikrini sokuchukumisa siyafuneka? Izikrini zokuchukumisa kulula ukusebenza kwaye ziphendule, kodwa zibiza ngaphezulu. Ukuba ubhajethi, khetha imodeli enezitshixo zokusebenza kunye nezitshixo zotolo kuphela.

Umbala okanye i-Monochrome: Ngaba ndifuna umbala okanye umboniso we-monochrome? Iiphaneli ze-HMI ezinemibala zinemibala kwaye kulula ukuyisebenzisa kwimiboniso yesimo, kodwa zibiza ngaphezulu; iziboniso ze-monochrome zilungile ekuboniseni amanani amancinci edatha, njengempendulo yesantya okanye ixesha eliseleyo, kwaye zinoqoqosho ngakumbi.

Isisombululo: Isisombululo sesikrini siyafuneka ukubonisa iinkcukacha ezaneleyo zegraphic okanye ukubonisa izinto ezininzi kwiscreen esinye. Isisombululo esiphezulu sifanelekile kujongano oluntsonkothileyo lwegraphical.

Ukunyuswa: Loluphi uhlobo lokuxhoma olufunekayo? Ukunyuswa kwepaneli, indawo yokubeka, okanye isixhobo esiphathwa ngesandla. Khetha indlela efanelekileyo yokunyusela ngokwemeko yesicelo esithile.

Inqanaba lokhuseleko: Loluphi uhlobo lwenqanaba lokhuseleko olufunwa yi-HMI? Umzekelo, ukulinganisa kwe-IP67 kuthintela ukuchaphazwa kolwelo kwaye ilungele ukufakela ngaphandle okanye imekobume erhabaxa.

Ujongano: Loluphi ujongano olufunekayo? Umzekelo, i-Ethernet, i-Profinet, i-serial interface (yezixhobo zaselabhoratri, i-RFID scanners okanye i-barcode readers), njl.

Iimfuno zeSoftware: Loluphi uhlobo lwenkxaso yesoftware efunekayo? Ngaba i-OPC okanye abaqhubi abakhethekileyo bayafuneka ukufikelela kwidatha evela kumlawuli?

IiNkqubo zeSiko: Ngaba kukho imfuneko yeenkqubo zesiko ukuba ziqhube kwitheminali ye-HMI, efana nesoftware yebhakhowudi okanye ujongano lwesicelo soluhlu?

Inkxaso yeWindows: Ngaba i-HMI ifuna ukuxhasa iWindows kunye nenkqubo yefayile yayo, okanye ngaba isicelo se-HMI esibonelelwe ngumthengisi sanele?

3.Ziziphi iimpawu zephaneli yeHMI?

Bonisa ubukhulu

Iiphaneli ze-HMI (I-Human Machine Interface) ziyafumaneka kwiisayizi zokubonisa ukusuka kwi-intshi ezi-3 ukuya kwii-intshi ezingama-25. Ukukhetha ubungakanani obufanelekileyo kuxhomekeke kwimeko yesicelo kunye neemfuno zomsebenzisi. Ubungakanani besikrini esincinci sifanelekile kwizihlandlo apho indawo incinci, ngelixa ubukhulu beskrini obukhulu bufanelekile kwizicelo ezinzima ezifuna ukuboniswa kolwazi oluninzi.

Isikrini esibanjwayo

Imfuneko kwii-ouchscreen yingqwalasela ebalulekileyo. Izikrini ezichukumisayo zibonelela ngamava asebenzayo kunye ne-intuitive ngakumbi, kodwa ngexabiso eliphezulu. Ukuba uhlahlo lwabiwo-mali lunqongophele okanye isicelo asifuni ukusebenzisana rhoqo komntu kwikhompyuter, unokukhetha isikrini esingachukumisiyo.

Umbala okanye i-Monochrome

Imfuneko yokubonisa umbala nayo yinto ekufuneka iqwalaselwe. Iziboniso zemibala zibonelela ngokutyebileyo kokubonwayo kwaye zifanele iimeko apho iimeko ezahlukeneyo kufuneka zahlulwe okanye imizobo entsonkothileyo iboniswe. Nangona kunjalo, imiboniso ye-monochrome ayibizi kakhulu kwaye ifanelekile kwizicelo apho kufuneka kuboniswe ulwazi olulula kuphela.

Isigqibo

Isisombululo seskrini simisela ukucaca kweenkcukacha zokubonisa. Kuyimfuneko ukukhetha isisombululo esifanelekileyo kwisicelo esithile. Isisombululo esiphezulu sifanelekile kwimiboniso apho i-graphics enzima okanye idatha efanelekileyo iboniswa, ngelixa isisombululo esiphantsi sifanelekile ukubonisa ulwazi olulula.

Iindlela zokuNqamisa

Iindlela zokunyuswa kwephaneli yeHMI zibandakanya ukunyuswa kwephaneli, ukunyuswa kwesibiyeli, kunye nezixhobo eziphathwa ngesandla. Ukukhethwa kwendlela yokunyuka kuxhomekeke kwimeko yokusetyenziswa kunye nokulula kokusebenza. Ukuxhonywa kwepaneli kukulungele ukusetyenziswa kwindawo emiselweyo, ukufakwa kwe-bracket kunika ukuguquguquka, kunye nezixhobo eziphathwayo zilula ukusebenza ekuhambeni.

Umgangatho woKhuseleko

Umlinganiselo wokukhusela wepaneli ye-HMI umisela ukuthembeka kwayo kwiindawo ezibuhlungu. Umzekelo, iqondo le-IP67 likhusela eluthulini nasemanzini kwaye lilungele ukusetyenziswa kwindawo ezingaphandle okanye kwimizi-mveliso. Kwizicelo ezithambileyo, umgangatho wokhuseleko onjalo unokungafuneki.

Ujongano

Loluphi ujongano olufunekayo luxhomekeke kwiimfuno zohlanganiso lwenkqubo. I-interfaces eziqhelekileyo ziquka i-Ethernet, i-Profinet kunye ne-serial interfaces. I-Ethernet ifanelekile kunxibelelwano lwenethiwekhi, i-Profinet ye-automation ye-industrial, kunye ne-serial interfaces zisetyenziswa ngokubanzi kwizixhobo zefa.

IiMfuno zeSoftware

Iimfuno zeSoftware nazo ziyingqwalasela ebalulekileyo. Ngaba i-OPC (i-Open Platform Communication) inkxaso okanye abaqhubi abathile bayafuneka? Oku kuxhomekeke kwiimfuno zokudityaniswa kwe-HMI nezinye iinkqubo. Ukuba ukuhambelana noluhlu olubanzi lwezixhobo kunye neenkqubo ezifunekayo, inkxaso ye-OPC ingaba luncedo kakhulu.

Iinkqubo zesiko

Ngaba kuyimfuneko ukuqhuba iinkqubo zesiko kwi-terminal ye-HMI? Oku kuxhomekeke kubunzima besicelo kunye neemfuno zomntu ngamnye. Ukuxhasa iinkqubo zesiko kunokubonelela ngokusebenza ngakumbi kunye nokuguquguquka, kodwa kunokonyusa ubunzima benkqubo kunye neendleko zophuhliso.

Inkxaso yeWindows

Ngaba i-HMI ifuna ukuxhasa iWindows kunye nenkqubo yayo yeefayile? Ukuxhasa iWindows kunokubonelela ngokuhambelana okubanzi kwesoftware kunye nojongano lomsebenzisi oluqhelekileyo, kodwa kunokonyusa iindleko zenkqubo kunye nobunzima. Ukuba iimfuno zesicelo zilula, ungakhetha izixhobo zeHMI ezingaxhasi iiWindows.

4. Ngubani osebenzisa i-HMI?

Imizi-mveliso: Ii-HMIs (IiNdibaniselwano zoomatshini boBantu) zisetyenziswa kwiintlobo ngeentlobo zamashishini ngolu hlobo lulandelayo:

Amandla
Kwishishini lamandla, ii-HMI zisetyenziselwa ukubeka esweni nokulawula izixhobo zokuvelisa umbane, izitishi ezincinci kunye nothungelwano lothumelo. Abaqhubi banokusebenzisa i-HMI ukujonga imeko yokusebenza yeenkqubo zamandla ngexesha langempela, ukubeka iliso ekusebenzeni kokuveliswa kwamandla kunye nokusabalalisa, kunye nokuqinisekisa ukuzinza kwenkqubo kunye nokhuseleko.

Ukutya kunye nesiselo
Ishishini lokutya kunye nesiselo lisebenzisa ii-HMIs ukulawula nokubeka iliso kuyo yonke imiba yemigca yokuvelisa, kubandakanywa ukuxuba, ukucubungula, ukupakisha kunye nokuzaliswa. Nge-HMIs, abaqhubi banokwenza ngokuzenzekelayo iinkqubo zokuvelisa, ukwandisa imveliso kunye nokuqinisekisa umgangatho wemveliso ongaguqukiyo.

Ukuvelisa
Kwishishini lokuvelisa, ii-HMIs zisetyenziselwa kakhulu ukusebenza kunye nokubeka iliso kwizixhobo ezifana nemigca yokuvelisa ngokuzenzekelayo, izixhobo zomatshini we-CNC, kunye ne-robots. iimpazamo okanye alarm.

I-oyile neGesi
Ishishini leoli negesi lisebenzisa ii-HMIs ukujonga ukusebenza kwezixhobo zokomba, iindawo zokucoca, kunye nemibhobho. I-HMI inceda abaqhubi ukuba babeke iliso kwiiparamitha ezibalulekileyo ezifana noxinzelelo, ubushushu, kunye nesantya sokuhamba ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukusebenza kakuhle kwezixhobo kunye nokukhusela iingozi ezinokuthi zikhuseleke.

Amandla
Kwishishini lamandla, ii-HMIs zisetyenziselwa ukubeka esweni nokulawula izityalo zombane, izitishi ezincinci kunye neenkqubo zokusasaza. Nge-HMI, iinjineli zinokujonga imeko yokusebenza yezixhobo zamandla ngexesha langempela, zenze umsebenzi okude kunye nokulungisa iingxaki zokuqinisekisa ukuthembeka kunye nokhuseleko lwenkqubo yamandla.

Ukurisayikilisha
Ii-HMI zisetyenziswa kushishino lokurisayikilisha ukulawula nokubeka iliso ekusebenzeni konyango lwenkunkuma kunye nezixhobo zokurisayikilisha, ukunceda abaqhubi ukuba baphucule inkqubo yokurisayikilisha, ukuphucula ukusebenza kakuhle kokurisayikilisha kunye nokunciphisa ukusetyenziswa kwamandla kunye nongcoliseko lokusingqongileyo.

Ezothutho
I-HMIs isetyenziswe kwishishini lezothutho kwiinkqubo ezifana nokulawulwa kweempawu zendlela, ukucwangciswa kololiwe kunye nokubeka iliso kwisithuthi.I-HMIs inikezela ngolwazi lwexesha langempela lokunceda abaqhubi ukulawula i-traffic kunye nokuphucula ukuhamba kwezithuthi kunye nokhuseleko.

Amanzi kunye naManzi amdaka
Ushishino lwamanzi kunye namanzi amdaka lusebenzisa i-HMIs ukubeka iliso kunye nokulawula ukusebenza kwezityalo zokucocwa kwamanzi, iindawo zokucocwa kwamanzi amdaka, kunye neenethiwekhi zemibhobho.I-HMIs inceda abaqhubi ukuba bahlole imilinganiselo yomgangatho wamanzi, ukulungelelanisa iinkqubo zokunyanga, kunye nokuqinisekisa ukuba iinkqubo zokucocwa kwamanzi zisebenza kakuhle kwaye zihambelana nokusingqongileyo.

Iindima: Abantu abakwiindima ezahlukeneyo banezidingo noxanduva olwahlukileyo xa besebenzisa ii-HMIs:

Umsebenzisi
Abaqhubi bangabasebenzisi abathe ngqo be-HMI, abenza imisebenzi yemihla ngemihla kunye nokubeka iliso ngokusebenzisa i-interface ye-HMI. Bafuna i-interface enembile kwaye kulula ukuyisebenzisa ukujonga isimo senkqubo, ukulungelelanisa iiparamitha, kunye nokuphatha i-alamu kunye neempazamo.

Umhlanganisi weNkqubo
Abadibanisi benkqubo banoxanduva lokudibanisa ii-HMI kunye nezinye izixhobo kunye neenkqubo zokuqinisekisa ukuba zisebenza kunye ngaphandle komthungo. Kufuneka baqonde i-interfaces kunye neeprothokholi zonxibelelwano zeenkqubo ezahlukeneyo ukwenzela ukwandisa ukusebenza kunye nokusebenza kwe-HMI.

Iinjineli (ingakumbi iinjineli zenkqubo yokulawula)
IiNjineli zeeNkqubo zoLawulo ziyila kwaye zigcine iinkqubo zeHMI. Kufuneka babe nobuchule obunzulu bokubhala kunye nokulungisa iinkqubo ze-HMI, ukuqwalasela i-hardware kunye ne-software parameters, kunye nokuqinisekisa ukuthembeka kunye nokhuseleko lweenkqubo ze-HMI. Kwakhona kufuneka baphucule inkqubo ngokweemfuno ezithile zesicelo ukuphucula amava omsebenzisi we-HMI kunye nokusebenza kakuhle.

5. Zeziphi ezinye iindlela eziqhelekileyo zokusetyenziswa kwee-HMIs?

Unxibelelwano kunye nee-PLCs kunye neesensi zegalelo / zemveliso zokufumana kunye nokubonisa ulwazi
I-HMI (i-Human Machine Interface) isetyenziswa ngokuqhelekileyo ukunxibelelana ne-PLC (uMlawuli weNgcaciso yeProgrammable) kunye neentlobo ezahlukeneyo zoluvo / iziphumo. I-HMI ivumela umqhubi ukuba athole idatha ye-sensor, njengokushisa, uxinzelelo, izinga lokuhamba, njl., Ngexesha langempela kwaye ubonise olu lwazi kwisikrini.I-PLC ilawula imisebenzi eyahlukeneyo yenkqubo yoshishino ngokulawula ezi zinzwa kunye ne-actuator, ngelixa i-HMI ibonelela nge-intuitive interface evumela umqhubi ukuba abeke iliso ngokulula kwaye ahlengahlengise iiparamitha zenkqubo.

Ukuphucula iinkqubo zoshishino kunye nokuphucula ukusebenza kakuhle ngokusebenzisa idatha efakwe kwidijithali kunye neyona ndawo iphakathi
Ii-HMIs zidlala indima ephambili ekuphuculeni iinkqubo zamashishini. Nge-HMI, abaqhubi banokubeka iliso kwidijithali kwaye balawule umgca wemveliso wonke, kunye nedatha ephakathi ivumela yonke ingcaciso ebalulekileyo ukuba iboniswe kwaye ihlalutywe kwi-interface enye. Olu lawulo lwedatha olusembindini lunceda ukuchonga ngokukhawuleza imiqobo kunye nokungasebenzi kakuhle kunye nokwenza uhlengahlengiso kwangexesha, ngaloo ndlela kuphuculwe imveliso kunye nokusetyenziswa kwezibonelelo. Ukongeza, i-HMI inokurekhoda idatha yembali ukunceda abaphathi benze uhlalutyo lwexesha elide kunye nezigqibo zokuphucula.

Bonisa ulwazi olubalulekileyo (umz. iitshathi kunye needashbhodi zedijithali), lawula ii-alam, qhagamshela kwi-SCADA, ERP kunye neenkqubo ze-MES
I-HMI iyakwazi ukubonisa ulwazi olubalulekileyo kwiifom ezahlukeneyo, kubandakanywa iitshathi kunye needeshibhodi zedijithali, okwenza kube lula ukufunda nokuqonda idatha. Abasebenzisi banokubeka iliso ngokulula imeko yokusebenza kwenkqubo kunye nezalathi ezingundoqo ngezi zixhobo zokujonga. Xa inkqubo ingaqhelekanga okanye ifikelela kwiimeko ze-alamu ezisetyenzisiweyo, i-HMI iya kukhupha i-alamu ngexesha lokukhumbuza umqhubi ukuba athathe amanyathelo afanelekileyo ukuqinisekisa ukhuseleko kunye nokuqhubeka kwemveliso.

Ukongeza, i-HMI inokuqhagamshelwa kwiinkqubo zolawulo oluphezulu ezifana ne-SCADA (inkqubo yokufumana idatha kunye nokubeka iliso), i-ERP (ucwangciso lwezibonelelo zeshishini) kunye ne-MES (inkqubo yokwenziwa kokwenziwa kwemveliso) ukuphumeza ukuhanjiswa kwedatha engenamthungo kunye nokwabelana. Oku kudityaniswa kunokuvula i-silos yolwazi, ukwenza ukuhamba kwedatha phakathi kweenkqubo ezahlukeneyo kube lula kunye nokuphucula ukusebenza kakuhle kunye nenqanaba lolwazi lweshishini lonke. Ngokomzekelo, inkqubo ye-SCADA inokufumana idatha yezixhobo zentsimi nge-HMI yokubeka iliso kunye nokulawula okuphakathi; Inkqubo ye-ERP inokufumana idatha yemveliso nge-HMI yokucwangcisa izixhobo kunye nokucwangcisa; Inkqubo ye-MES inokuqhuba ukwenziwa kunye nolawulo lwenkqubo yokuvelisa nge-HMI.

Ngokusebenzisa le miba ingasentla yesingeniso esicacileyo, unokuqonda ngokupheleleyo ukusetyenziswa okuqhelekileyo kwe-HMI kwinkqubo yoshishino, kunye nendlela ekunxibelelana ngayo, i-data centralization kunye nokuhlanganiswa kwenkqubo, njl., Ukuphucula ukusebenza kakuhle kunye nokhuseleko lwemveliso yoshishino.

6.Umahluko phakathi kwe-HMI kunye ne-SCADA

I-HMI: Ijolisa kunxibelelwano lolwazi olubonwayo ukunceda abasebenzisi ukuba bajonge iinkqubo zoshishino
I-HMI (i-Human Machine Interface) isetyenziselwa ukubonelela ngonxibelelwano lolwazi olubonakalayo olubonakalayo, olunceda abasebenzisi ukulawula nokulawula iinkqubo zoshishino ngokubonisa isimo senkqubo kunye neenkcukacha zokusebenza ngokusebenzisa ujongano lwegraphical.Ezona mpawu ziphambili kunye nemisebenzi ye-HMI ibandakanya:

Ujongano lwegraphical olubonakalayo: I-HMI ibonisa ulwazi ngohlobo lweegrafu, iitshathi, iideshibhodi zedijithali, njl.
Ukubeka iliso ngexesha langempela: I-HMI iyakwazi ukubonisa idatha ye-sensor kunye nesimo sezixhobo ngexesha langempela, ukunceda abaqhubi ukuba babone ngokukhawuleza kwaye basombulule iingxaki.
Ukusebenza lula: Nge-HMI, abaqhubi banokuhlengahlengisa ngokulula iiparamitha zenkqubo, ukuqala okanye ukumisa izixhobo, kwaye benze imisebenzi yolawulo olusisiseko.
Ulawulo lwe-Alarm: I-HMI iyakwazi ukuseta nokulawula i-alamu, ukwazisa abaqhubi ukuba bathathe amanyathelo ngexesha xa inkqubo ingaqhelekanga ukuqinisekisa ukhuseleko lokuvelisa.
Ubungane bomsebenzisi: Uyilo lwe-interface ye-HMI lujolise kumava omsebenzisi, ukusebenza okulula, ukufunda okulula kunye nokusetyenziswa, okufanelekileyo kubaqhubi bentsimi ukuba baqhube ukubeka iliso kunye nokusebenza kwemihla ngemihla.
I-SCADA: Ukuqokelela idatha kunye nokusebenza kwenkqubo yokulawula kunye nemisebenzi enamandla ngakumbi
I-SCADA (inkqubo yokufumana idatha kunye nokubeka iliso) yinkqubo enzima ngakumbi kwaye inamandla, isetyenziselwa ubukhulu becala inkqubo ye-automation ye-industrial enkulu yokuqokelela kunye nokulawula idatha. iimpawu eziphambili kunye nemisebenzi yeSCADA ibandakanya:

Ukufunyanwa kweDatha: Iinkqubo ze-SCADA ziyakwazi ukuqokelela inani elikhulu leedatha kwii-sensors ezininzi ezisasazwayo kunye nezixhobo, ukugcina kunye nokusebenza. Le datha inokubandakanya iiparamitha ezahlukeneyo ezifana nobushushu, uxinzelelo, izinga lokuhamba, i-voltage, njl.
Ulawulo olusembindini: Iinkqubo zeSCADA zibonelela ngemisebenzi yolawulo oluphakathi, ivumela ukusebenza kude kunye nolawulo lwezixhobo kunye neenkqubo ezisasazwa kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo zejografi ukuze kuphunyezwe ulawulo olupheleleyo oluzenzekelayo.
Uhlalutyo oluphezulu: Inkqubo ye-SCADA inohlalutyo olunamandla lwedatha kunye nekhono lokucubungula, uhlalutyo lwentsingiselo, umbuzo wedatha yembali, ukuveliswa kwengxelo kunye neminye imisebenzi, ukunceda abasebenzi bolawulo kwinkxaso yokwenza izigqibo.
Ukudityaniswa kwenkqubo: Inkqubo yeSCADA inokudityaniswa nezinye iinkqubo zolawulo lwamashishini (umz. I-ERP, i-MES, njl.njl.) ukuze kuphunyezwe usasazo lwedatha olungenamthungo kunye nokwabelana, kunye nokuphucula ukusebenza kakuhle ngokupheleleyo kweshishini.
Ukuthembeka okuphezulu: Iinkqubo ze-SCADA zenzelwe ukuthembeka okuphezulu kunye nokufumaneka okuphezulu, ezifanelekileyo ukubeka iliso kunye nokulawulwa kweenkqubo ezibalulekileyo zoshishino, kunye nokukwazi ukusebenza ngokuzinzile kwiindawo ezinzima.

7.HMI Panel Application imizekelo

I-HMI esebenza ngokupheleleyo

Iiphaneli ze-HMI ezigcwele ngokupheleleyo zifanelekile kwiimeko zesicelo ezifuna ukusebenza okuphezulu kunye nokusebenza okucebileyo. Iimfuno zabo ezikhethekileyo ziquka:

Ubuncinci isikrini sokuthinta i-intshi ye-12: Isikrini esikhulu sokuchukumisa isikrini sinikeza indawo yokubonisa ngakumbi kunye namava angcono omsebenzisi, okwenza kube lula kubaqhubi ukuba bajonge kwaye basebenzise i-interfaces ezinzima.
Ukulinganisa okungenamthungo: Ukuxhasa umsebenzi wokulinganisa ongenamthungo, okwazi ukulungelelanisa ubungakanani beskrini ngokweemfuno ezahlukeneyo zokubonisa, ukuqinisekisa ukucaca kunye nokugqibelela kokuboniswa kolwazi.
Ukudityaniswa nesoftware yeSiemens TIA Portal: Ukudityaniswa ne-Siemens TIA Portal (i-Totally Integrated Automation Portal) isoftware yenza inkqubo, ugunyaziso kunye nokugcinwa kube lula kwaye kusebenze ngakumbi.
Ukhuseleko lwenethiwekhi: Ngomsebenzi wokhuseleko lwenethiwekhi, inokukhusela inkqubo ye-HMI ekuhlaselweni kwenethiwekhi kunye nokuvuza kwedatha ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza okukhuselekileyo kwenkqubo.
Umsebenzi wokugcinwa kwenkqubo ngokuzenzekelayo: ixhasa umsebenzi wokugcinwa kwenkqubo ngokuzenzekelayo, enokuthi ihlale igcina inkqubo yenkqubo kunye nedatha yokuthintela ukulahleka kwedatha kunye nokuphucula ukuthembeka kwenkqubo.
Le phaneli ye-HMI egcweleyo ifanelekile kwiinkqubo ze-automation ye-industrial, ezifana nemigca yokuvelisa imveliso enkulu, iinkqubo zokulawula amandla kunye nokunye.

b I-HMI esisiseko

Iiphaneli ze-HMI ezisisiseko zifanelekile kwiimeko zesicelo ezinohlahlo lwabiwo-mali olulinganiselwe kodwa zisafuna ukusebenza okusisiseko. Iimfuno zayo ezikhethekileyo ziquka:

Ukudityaniswa ne-Siemens TIA Portal: Ngaphandle kohlahlo lwabiwo-mali olulinganiselweyo, ukudityaniswa kunye ne-Siemens TIA Portal software kusafuneka kwiprogram esisiseko kunye nemisebenzi yokulungiswa kweempazamo.
Ukusebenza okusisiseko: njenge-KTP 1200, le phaneli ye-HMI ibonelela ngomboniso osisiseko kunye nemisebenzi esebenzayo yolawulo olulula kunye nemisebenzi yokubeka iliso.
Ixabiso elisebenzayo: Le phaneli ye-HMI idla ngokungabizi kakhulu kwaye ifanelekile kumashishini amancinci okanye iiprojekthi ezinohlahlo lwabiwo-mali olulinganiselwe.
Iiphaneli ze-HMI ezisisiseko zifanelekile kwiinkqubo ezilula zokulawula i-industrial ezifana nezixhobo ezincinci zokucwangcisa, ukubeka iliso kunye nokulawulwa kwenkqubo yokuvelisa enye, njl.

c Wireless Network HMI

Iiphaneli ze-HMI zenethiwekhi engenazingcingo zilungele iimeko zesicelo ezifuna ubunakho bonxibelelwano olungenazingcingo. Iimfuno zabo ezikhethekileyo ziquka:

Unxibelelwano olungenazingcingo: Ukukwazi ukunxibelelana nomlawuli ngenethiwekhi engenazingcingo kunciphisa ubunzima kunye neendleko zocingo kunye nokwandisa ukuguquguquka kwenkqubo.
Umzekelo wesicelo: njenge-Maple Systems HMI 5103L, le phaneli ye-HMI ingasetyenziselwa kwiindawo ezifana neefama zetanki apho unxibelelwano olungenazintambo lufunekayo ukuququzelela ukubeka iliso kunye nokusebenza okude.
Ukuhamba: Iphaneli ye-HMI yenethiwekhi engenazingcingo inokuhanjiswa ngokukhululekileyo kwaye ifanelekile kwiimeko ezifuna ukusebenza kunye nokubeka iliso kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo.
Iiphaneli ze-HMI zothungelwano olungenazingcingo zifanelekile ukusetyenziswa kwiimeko zesicelo ezifuna ubeko oluguquguqukayo kunye nokusebenza okuhambayo, okufana neefama zetanki kunye nokusebenza kwezixhobo eziphathwayo.

d Ethernet I/P uqhagamshelwano

Uqhagamshelo lwe-Ethernet I/P iiphaneli ze-HMI zilungele iimeko zesicelo ezifuna uqhagamshelo kwinethiwekhi ye-Ethernet/I/P. Iimfuno zabo ezikhethekileyo ziquka:

I-Ethernet / I / P Connection: Ixhasa i-Ethernet / I / P protocol, eyenza unxibelelwano kunye nezinye izixhobo kwinethiwekhi yokudlulisa idatha ngokukhawuleza kunye nokwabelana.
Umzekelo weSicelo: NjengePanelView Plus 7 imodeli eqhelekileyo, le phaneli ye-HMI inokudibanisa ngokulula kwiinethiwekhi ezikhoyo ze-Ethernet / I / P zokudibanisa inkqubo kunye nokulawula.
Ukuthembeka: Uxhulumaniso lwe-Ethernet I / P lubonelela ngokuthembeka okuphezulu kunye nokuzinza kwiinkqubo ezibalulekileyo zolawulo lwamashishini.
I-Ethernet ye-I / P yokudibanisa iiphaneli ze-HMI zifanelekile kwiinkqubo zokuzenzekelayo zoshishino ezifuna unxibelelwano olusebenzayo lwenethiwekhi kunye nokwabelana ngedatha, ezifana nokuveliswa okukhulu kunye neenkqubo zokulawula inkqubo.

8.Umahluko phakathi komboniso we-HMI kunye nomboniso wesikrini sokuchukumisa

umboniso we-HMI uquka ihardware kunye nesoftware

Umboniso we-HMI (umatshini wobuntu) awukho nje isixhobo sokubonisa, kubandakanya zombini i-hardware kunye neenxalenye zesoftware, ezinokubonelela ngokubambisana kunye nokulawula imisebenzi epheleleyo.
Inxalenye yehardware:
Bonisa: Imiboniso ye-HMI idla ngokuba yi-LCD okanye izikrini ze-LED, ukusuka kubukhulu ukusuka kwincinci ukuya enkulu, kwaye inokubonisa iindidi zegraphics kunye nolwazi olubhaliweyo.
Isikrini sokuchukumisa: Imiboniso emininzi ye-HMI inesikrini esidibeneyo sokuthintela esivumela umsebenzisi ukuba asebenze ngokucofa.
Iprosesa kunye nememori: Iziboniso ze-HMI zineprosesa eyakhelwe ngaphakathi kunye nememori yokusebenzisa isofthiwe yokulawula kunye nokugcina idatha.
Ujongano: Iziboniso ze-HMI zihlala zixhotyiswe ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo zojongano, njenge-Ethernet, i-USB, kunye nojongano lwe-serial ukuqhagamshela kwii-PLCs, izinzwa kunye nezinye izixhobo.
Icandelo lesoftware:
Inkqubo yokusebenza: Iziboniso ze-HMI zihlala ziqhuba inkqubo yokusebenza edibeneyo, njengeWindows CE, i-Linux okanye inkqubo yokusebenza yexesha langempela.
I-Software yoLawulo: I-HMI ibonisa i-software ezinikeleyo yolawulo kunye neyokubeka iliso ebonelela ngomzobo wojongano lomsebenzisi (GUI) kunye nengqiqo yolawulo.
Ukugcinwa kwedatha kunye nokubonisa: Isofthiwe ye-HMI iyakwazi ukucubungula idatha evela kwiinzwa kunye nokulawula izixhobo kwaye ibonise kwisikrini ngendlela yeegrafu, iitshathi, i-alamu kunye nokunye.
Unxibelelwano kunye noManyano: I-software ye-HMI inokunxibelelana kwaye idibanise idatha kunye nezinye iinkqubo (umzekelo, i-SCADA, i-ERP, i-MES, njl.) ukuphumeza ulawulo olupheleleyo oluzenzekelayo kunye nokubeka iliso.

b Ukuboniswa kwesikrini sokuchukumisa yinxalenye yehardware kuphela

Iziboniso zesikrini ezichukumisayo ziqulethe kuphela inxalenye ye-hardware, akukho software eyakhelweyo yokulawula kunye nokubeka iliso, ngoko ke ayinakusetyenziswa yodwa kulawulo olunzima kunye nemisebenzi yokubeka iliso.

Inxalenye yehardware:

Bonisa: Umboniso wesikrini esichukumisayo ngokuyinhloko yi-LCD okanye isikrini se-LED esibonelela ngokusebenza okusisiseko.
I-Sensor Touch: Isikrini sokuchukumisa sixhotyiswe ngenzwa yokuchukumisa evumela umsebenzisi ukuba enze imisebenzi yokufaka ngokuchukumisa. Ubuchwephesha obuqhelekileyo bokuchukumisa bunamandla, i-infrared kunye ne-resistive.
Abalawuli: Iziboniso zesikrini ezichukumisayo zinezilawuli zokuchukumisa ezakhelwe ngaphakathi ukwenzela ukusetyenzwa kweempawu zegalelo lokuchukumisa kunye nokuzithumela kwizixhobo zekhompyuter ezixhunyiwe.
I-interface: Iziboniso zesikrini se-Touch screen zihlala zixhotyiswe nge-interface ezifana ne-USB, i-HDMI, i-VGA, njl. ukuqhagamshela kwikhompyutha okanye esinye isixhobo sokulawula.
Akukho software eyakhelweyo: Isiboniso sesikrini sokuchukumisa sisebenza kuphela njengegalelo kunye nesixhobo sokubonisa, kwaye ayiqulathanga inkqubo yokusebenza okanye isoftware yokulawula ngokwayo; idinga ukuqhagamshelwa kwisixhobo sekhompyutha sangaphandle (umzekelo, iPC, isilawuli seshishini) ukuze iqonde ukusebenza kwayo ngokupheleleyo.

9. Ngaba iimveliso zokubonisa i-HMI zinenkqubo yokusebenza?

Iimveliso zeHMI zinezixhobo zesoftware
Iimveliso ze-HMI (i-Human Machine Interface) azikho nje izixhobo ze-hardware, zikwanamacandelo e-software yenkqubo ebonelela ngee-HMIs ngokukwazi ukusebenza kunye nokulawula kwiinkqubo ze-automation kunye nokubeka iliso.

Imisebenzi yesoftware yenkqubo:

Ujongano lomsebenzisi: lubonelela ngomzobo wojongano lomsebenzisi (GUI) ovumela abasebenzisi ukuba babeke iliso ngengqondo kwaye balawule iinkqubo zoshishino.
Ukucutshungulwa kwedatha: Icubungula idatha evela kwiinzwa kunye nezixhobo zokulawula kwaye ibonise ngendlela yeegrafu, iitshathi, amanani, njl.
Iiprothokholi zoNxibelelwano: Ukuxhasa iiprothokholi zonxibelelwano ezahlukeneyo, ezifana ne-Modbus, i-Profinet, i-Ethernet / IP, njl., Ukufezekisa uxhumano kunye nokutshintshiselana kwedatha kunye ne-PLC, i-sensor, i-SCADA kunye nezinye izixhobo.
Ulawulo lwe-alam: Ukusetha nokulawula iimeko ze-alam, ukwazisa abaqhubi ngexesha xa inkqubo ingaqhelekanga.
Ukurekhodwa kwedatha yembali: Rekhoda kwaye ugcine idatha yembali ukuze uhlalutye kunye nokwandisa.
Iimveliso ze-HMI ezisebenza kakhulu zihlala ziqhuba iinkqubo zokusebenza ezizinzisiweyo, ezifana neWinCE kunye neLinux.
Iimveliso ze-HMI ezisebenza kakhulu zihlala ziqhuba iinkqubo zokusebenza ezizinzisiweyo, ezibonelela ngee-HMIs ngamandla okuqhubela phambili kunye nokuthembeka okuphezulu.

Iinkqubo ezizinzisiweyo eziqhelekileyo:

I-Windows CE: IWindows CE yinkqubo yokusebenza efakwe kwi-lightweight esetyenziswa ngokubanzi kwiimveliso ze-HMI. Ibonelela ngojongano olutyebileyo lwegraphical kunye nemisebenzi yenethiwekhi enamandla, kwaye ixhasa iindlela ezahlukeneyo zonxibelelwano lweshishini.
I-Linux: I-Linux yinkqubo yokusebenza yomthombo ovulekileyo enozinzo oluphezulu kunye nokwenziwa ngokwezifiso. Iimveliso ezininzi ze-HMI ezisebenza kakhulu zisebenzisa iLinux njengenkqubo yokusebenza ukufezekisa imisebenzi ebhetyebhetye kunye nokhuseleko oluphezulu.

Izinto eziluncedo kwiisistim zokusebenza ezizindisiweyo:

Ixesha langempela: Iinkqubo zokusebenza ezifakelweyo zihlala zinentsebenzo efanelekileyo yexesha langempela kwaye zinokuphendula ngokukhawuleza kwiinguqu kwiinkqubo zoshishino.
Ukuzinza: Iinkqubo zokusebenza ezifakelweyo zilungiselelwe ukuzinza okuphezulu kunye nokuthembeka kokusebenza kwexesha elide.
Ukhuseleko: Iinkqubo zokusebenza ezifakelweyo zihlala zinezinga eliphezulu lokhuseleko, ezikwazi ukuxhathisa ukuhlaselwa kwenethiwekhi eyahlukeneyo kunye nobungozi bokuvuza kwedatha.
Ukwenziwa ngokwezifiso: Iinkqubo zokusebenza ezifakelweyo zingenziwa ngokwezifiso ngokweemfuno ezithile zesicelo, ukubonelela ngemisebenzi ehambelana neemfuno zangempela.

10.Indlela yophuhliso yexesha elizayo yomboniso we-HMI

Iimveliso ze-HMI ziya kuba ngakumbi kwaye zityebe ngakumbi
Ngophuhliso lwetekhnoloji, iimveliso ze-HMI (i-Human Machine Interface) ziya kuba nezinto ezityebileyo ngakumbi ukuze zihlangabezane nemfuno ekhulayo yokwenziwa kwemizi-mveliso.

Ujongano lomsebenzisi olukrelekrele: Ii-HMI zexesha elizayo ziya kuba nojongano lomsebenzisi olukrelekrele olunokubonelela ngamava okusebenza omntu kunye nobukrelekrele ngakumbi ngobukrelekrele bokwenziwa kunye nobuchwepheshe bokufunda koomatshini.

Ukomelezwa kwezakhono zothungelwano: Iimveliso ze-HMI ziya kuphucula ngakumbi izakhono zabo zokunxibelelana ngokuxhasa iiprothokholi zonxibelelwano lwemizi-mveliso, ukwenza unxibelelwano olungenamthungo kunye notshintshiselwano lwedatha kunye nezixhobo ezininzi kunye neenkqubo.

Uhlalutyo lwedatha kunye noqikelelo lwedatha: Ii-HMI zexesha elizayo ziya kudibanisa uhlalutyo lwedatha enamandla ngakumbi kunye nobuchule bokuxela kwangaphambili ukunceda iinkampani ziqhube iliso lokwenyani kunye nokwandisa ukwenziwa kwezigqibo ukuphucula imveliso kunye nomgangatho.

Ukubeka iliso kunye nolawulo olukude: Ngophuhliso lwe-Intanethi ye-Industrial yeZinto, iimveliso ze-HMI ziya kuxhasa imisebenzi ebanzi yokubeka iliso kunye nokulawula okude, okwenza ukuba abaqhubi balawule kwaye basebenzise iinkqubo zoshishino nanini na, naphi na.

Zonke iimveliso ze-HMI ezingaphezulu kwe-intshi ze-5.7 ziya kuba neziboniso zemibala kunye nobomi obude besikrini
Kwixesha elizayo, zonke iimveliso ze-HMI ze-5.7 intshi nangaphezulu ziya kwamkela ukuboniswa kombala, ukubonelela ngeempembelelo ezibonakalayo ezicebileyo kunye namava angcono omsebenzisi.

Iziboniso zemibala: Umbala wemibala ungabonisa ulwazi oluninzi, sebenzisa imizobo kunye nemibala ukwahlula phakathi kwamazwe ahlukeneyo kunye nedatha, kunye nokuphucula ukufundwa kunye nokubonwa kolwazi.

Ubomi besikrini obandisiweyo: Ngokuqhubela phambili kwetekhnoloji yokubonisa, imiboniso yemibala ye-HMI yexesha elizayo iya kuba nobomi obude kunye nokuthembeka okuphezulu, kwaye iya kukwazi ukusebenza ngokuzinzileyo ixesha elide kwiindawo ezinzima zoshishino.

Iimveliso ze-HMI eziphezulu ziya kugxila kakhulu kwiiPC zethebhulethi

Umkhwa weemveliso ze-HMI eziphezulu ziya kugxila kwiiPC zethebhulethi, ukubonelela ngeqonga eliguquguqukayo kunye nelemisebenzi emininzi.

Iqonga lePC yeCwecwe: Ikamva eliphezulu le-HMI liya kuhlala lisebenzisa ithebhulethi yePC njengeqonga, isebenzisa amandla ayo anamandla ekhompyuter kunye nokuphatheka ukubonelela ngemisebenzi enamandla ngakumbi kunye nokusetyenziswa okuguquguqukayo.

Ulawulo lokuchukumisa okuninzi kunye nolawulo lwezandla: Ii-HMI zeThebhulethi ziya kuxhasa ukuchukumisa okuninzi kunye nolawulo lwesijekulo, ukwenza imisebenzi ibe lula kwaye ilula.

Ukuhamba kunye nokuphatheka: I-HMI yeThebhulethi ihamba kakhulu kwaye iyaphatheka, abaqhubi banokuthwala kwaye bayisebenzise nanini na naphi na, efanelekileyo kwiimeko ezahlukeneyo zoshishino.

I-ecosystem yesicelo esityebileyo: I-HMI esekwe kwiplatifomu yethebhulethi inokuthatha ithuba le-ecosystem yesicelo esityebileyo, idibanisa usetyenziso oluhlukeneyo lwemizi-mveliso kunye nezixhobo, kunye nokuphucula ukuqina kwenkqubo kunye nokusebenza.